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WOODEN
BOATS.
Construction Methods.
Carvel.
The plank edges are butted together and the seams
are either caulked with cotton or oakum, or are closed seam.
Clinker. The plank edges are over
lapped and riveted through.
Strip
Planked. Similar to carvel, but the
planks are glued together. Sometimes the planks are also moulded so they
interlock.
Cold
Moulded. Thin planks are laid
diagonally over moulds or strip planking. Other layers are laid in
opposite directions and glue to the underlying layer.
Sawn
Frames. The frames are cut from timber,
usually oak, whose grain runs in the same direction as the frame.
Steamed
Timbers. Oak or Elm timbers are
steamed and then bent into the hull.
Laminated Frames. Thin planks of
timber are glued together in layers around moulds or the hull sides to
form the frames.
Fastenings.
Boat
Nails. Usually galvanized steel, They
are used on larger, carvel, boats. Typically older fishing boats.
Copper
Nails and Roves. Copper nails are
driven through the planks and timbers and then have roves, similar to
washers, fitted. The nails are then either cut and riveted or are bent
to form a staple effect.
Bronze
Screws. These are suitable for use in
all areas of the vessel.
Stainless Steel Screws. These are
suitable for use in most areas, but must not be used in wet oak as the
acid in the oak will corrode the stainless steel.
Brass
Screws. These are suitable for
interior and exterior work above the waterline.
Cast
Iron. Used mainly for keel bolts. Good
quality cast iron will last for years.
Plastic
Nails. Sometimes used in cold moulded
and strip planked vessels as they can be machined without damaging
tools.
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